diff --git a/src/rtmp_manager.cpp b/src/rtmp_manager.cpp
index c060c5f..71a6702 100644
--- a/src/rtmp_manager.cpp
+++ b/src/rtmp_manager.cpp
@@ -54,38 +54,38 @@ GstElement* RTMPManager::create_pipeline(const Camera& cam)
 {
     const std::string rtmp_url = "rtmp://127.0.0.1:1935/" + cam.name;
 
+    // 关键：v4l2src 后立刻加“吸震队列”，避免回压把采集端憋死
+    // 关键：h264parse 起名，给你后续要 probe 也能准确找到（但现在先别 probe）
     std::string pipeline_str = "v4l2src device=" + cam.device +
-                               " io-mode=dmabuf "
-                               "do-timestamp=true "  // ⭐⭐ 正确位置：就在 v4l2src 上
-
+                               " io-mode=dmabuf do-timestamp=true "
                                "! video/x-raw,format=NV12,width=1280,height=960,framerate=30/1 "
 
-                               "! videocrop top=120 bottom=120 "
+                               // ⭐ 吸震：小队列 + upstream 泄漏（丢旧帧，保实时）
+                               "! queue max-size-buffers=4 max-size-time=0 leaky=upstream "
 
+                               // 你原来的裁剪缩放可以保留
+                               "! videocrop top=120 bottom=120 "
                                "! videoscale "
                                "! video/x-raw,width=" +
                                std::to_string(cam.width) + ",height=" + std::to_string(cam.height) +
                                " "
 
-                               "! queue max-size-buffers=12 max-size-time=0 leaky=downstream "
+                               // 再来一个队列隔离编码器
+                               "! queue max-size-buffers=8 max-size-time=0 leaky=downstream "
 
                                "! mpph264enc rc-mode=cbr "
                                "bps=" +
                                std::to_string(cam.bitrate) +
                                " "
-                               "gop=30 "
-                               "header-mode=each-idr "
-                               "profile=main "
+                               "gop=30 header-mode=each-idr profile=main "
 
                                "! h264parse name=parse config-interval=1 "
                                "! video/x-h264,stream-format=avc,alignment=au "
-
                                "! flvmux streamable=true "
 
+                               // rtmpsink 不要 sync，避免等时钟
                                "! rtmpsink location=\"" +
-                               rtmp_url +
-                               "\" "
-                               "sync=false async=false";
+                               rtmp_url + "\" sync=false async=false";
 
     LOG_INFO("[PIPELINE] " + pipeline_str);
 
@@ -97,7 +97,6 @@ GstElement* RTMPManager::create_pipeline(const Camera& cam)
         g_error_free(error);
         return nullptr;
     }
-
     return pipeline;
 }