diff --git a/src/rtsp_manager.cpp b/src/rtsp_manager.cpp
index 9e276b3..82fb19f 100644
--- a/src/rtsp_manager.cpp
+++ b/src/rtsp_manager.cpp
@@ -24,6 +24,9 @@ std::mutex RTSPManager::mounted_factories_mutex;
 std::unordered_map<std::string, std::vector<GstRTSPMedia*>> RTSPManager::media_map;
 std::mutex RTSPManager::media_map_mutex;
 
+static std::unordered_map<std::string, std::chrono::steady_clock::time_point> last_media_ts;
+static std::mutex last_media_ts_mutex;
+
 bool set_v4l2_format(const std::string& dev, int width, int height)
 {
     int fd = open(dev.c_str(), O_RDWR);
@@ -119,7 +122,7 @@ GstRTSPMediaFactory* RTSPManager::create_media_factory(const Camera& cam)
     GstRTSPMediaFactory* factory = gst_rtsp_media_factory_new();
     gst_rtsp_media_factory_set_launch(factory, launch_str.c_str());
 
-    // 先保持每个客户端独立 pipeline，逻辑简单可靠
+    // 所有客户端共享同一个 pipeline，避免频繁拉起 v4l2 / encoder
     gst_rtsp_media_factory_set_shared(factory, TRUE);
 
     // 客户端断开时不要乱 reset，交给我们自己处理 / 或干脆不动
@@ -136,13 +139,14 @@ void RTSPManager::start(const std::vector<Camera>& cams)
     server = gst_rtsp_server_new();
     gst_rtsp_server_set_service(server, "8554");
 
+    // ✅ 在 attach 之前设置 backlog（限制 pending 连接队列）
+    gst_rtsp_server_set_backlog(server, 32);
+
     loop = g_main_loop_new(nullptr, FALSE);
     main_context = g_main_loop_get_context(loop);
 
-    // 先获取 mountpoints
     GstRTSPMountPoints* mounts = gst_rtsp_server_get_mount_points(server);
 
-    // 在这里统一挂载所有 enabled 摄像头
     for (const auto& cam : cams)
     {
         if (!cam.enabled) continue;
@@ -185,9 +189,26 @@ void RTSPManager::start(const std::vector<Camera>& cams)
 void RTSPManager::on_media_created(GstRTSPMediaFactory*, GstRTSPMedia* media, gpointer user_data)
 {
     const char* cam_name = static_cast<const char*>(user_data);
-    LOG_INFO(std::string("[RTSP] media-configure for camera: ") + cam_name);
 
-    // ✅ 只记录指针，不 g_object_ref（生命周期归 gst-rtsp-server）
+    bool suppressed = false;
+    auto now = std::chrono::steady_clock::now();
+    {
+        std::lock_guard<std::mutex> lock(last_media_ts_mutex);
+        auto& last = last_media_ts[cam_name];
+        if (last.time_since_epoch().count() != 0 && now - last < std::chrono::seconds(2))
+        {
+            suppressed = true;  // 只标记，不 return
+        }
+        last = now;
+    }
+
+    if (suppressed) { LOG_WARN(std::string("[RTSP] media-configure suppressed (too frequent): ") + cam_name); }
+    else
+    {
+        LOG_INFO(std::string("[RTSP] media-configure for camera: ") + cam_name);
+    }
+
+    // ✅ 生命周期一定要完整绑定
     {
         std::lock_guard<std::mutex> lock(media_map_mutex);
         media_map[cam_name].push_back(media);