diff --git a/src/rtmp_manager.cpp b/src/rtmp_manager.cpp
index c093cc0..f90ccb7 100644
--- a/src/rtmp_manager.cpp
+++ b/src/rtmp_manager.cpp
@@ -100,9 +100,11 @@ GstElement *RTMPManager::create_pipeline(const Camera &cam, StreamType type)
     }
 
     const std::string stream_name = cam.name + stream_type_suffix(type);
-    const std::string app = pick_app(type);
+    const std::string app = (type == StreamType::MAIN) ? "record" : "live";  // 🎯 主码流录像，子码流远程推流
+
+    // 👇 确保明确指定 vhost，避免 “no vhost 127.0.0.1” 错误
+    const std::string location = "rtmp://127.0.0.1:1935/" + app + "/" + stream_name + "?vhost=" + app;
 
-    // NV12 -> mpph264enc -> h264parse -> flvmux(+静音音轨) -> rtmpsink
     std::string pipeline_str = "v4l2src device=" + cam.device + " ! video/x-raw,width=" + std::to_string(width) +
                                ",height=" + std::to_string(height) + ",framerate=" + std::to_string(fps) +
                                "/1 "
@@ -113,10 +115,10 @@ GstElement *RTMPManager::create_pipeline(const Camera &cam, StreamType type)
                                "! h264parse "
                                "! flvmux name=mux streamable=true "
                                "audiotestsrc wave=silence ! audioconvert ! audioresample ! voaacenc ! aacparse ! mux. "
-                               "mux. ! rtmpsink name=rtmp_sink location=\"rtmp://127.0.0.1/" +
-                               app + "/" + stream_name + " live=1\" sync=false";
+                               "mux. ! rtmpsink name=rtmp_sink location=\"" +
+                               location + "\" sync=false";
 
-    LOG_INFO("[RTMP] Creating pipeline for '" + stream_name + "' -> app '" + app + "': " + pipeline_str);
+    LOG_INFO("[RTMP] Creating pipeline for '" + stream_name + "' → app '" + app + "', url=" + location);
 
     GError *error = nullptr;
     GstElement *pipeline = gst_parse_launch(pipeline_str.c_str(), &error);
@@ -126,6 +128,7 @@ GstElement *RTMPManager::create_pipeline(const Camera &cam, StreamType type)
         g_error_free(error);
         return nullptr;
     }
+
     return pipeline;
 }