diff --git a/include/rtsp_manager.hpp b/include/rtsp_manager.hpp
index 2286156..409568c 100644
--- a/include/rtsp_manager.hpp
+++ b/include/rtsp_manager.hpp
@@ -4,6 +4,7 @@
 #include <gst/gst.h>
 #include <gst/rtsp-server/rtsp-server.h>
 #include "app_config.hpp"
+#include <mutex>
 
 // RTSP 管理器，负责启动/关闭 RTSP 服务器
 class RTSPManager
@@ -13,19 +14,28 @@ public:
     static void start(const std::vector<Camera> &cameras);
     static void stop();
 
-    // === 新增方法：按需挂载/卸载摄像头 ===
+    // === 按需挂载/卸载摄像头 ===
     static void mount_camera(const Camera &cam);
     static void unmount_camera(const Camera &cam);
 
-    // === 新增方法：查询播放状态 ===
+    // === 查询播放状态 ===
     static bool is_streaming(const std::string &cam_name);
 
 private:
     static GMainLoop *loop;
     static GstRTSPServer *server;
 
-    // === 新增：维护每个摄像头的播放状态 ===
+    // 播放状态表
     static std::unordered_map<std::string, bool> streaming_status;
 
+    // 创建 MediaFactory
     static GstRTSPMediaFactory *create_media_factory(const Camera &cam);
+
+    // --- 新增：在 main loop 中执行挂载/卸载 ---
+    static gboolean mount_camera_in_main(gpointer data);
+    static gboolean unmount_camera_in_main(gpointer data);
+
+    // --- 已挂载的 factory 指针表（用于卸载） ---
+    static std::unordered_map<std::string, GstRTSPMediaFactory *> mounted_factories;
+    static std::mutex mounted_factories_mutex;
 };
diff --git a/src/rtsp_manager.cpp b/src/rtsp_manager.cpp
index f61fa44..41e6923 100644
--- a/src/rtsp_manager.cpp
+++ b/src/rtsp_manager.cpp
@@ -2,16 +2,13 @@
 #include "rtsp_manager.hpp"
 #include "logger.hpp"
 #include <iostream>
-#include <mutex>
 
 // 静态变量定义
 GMainLoop *RTSPManager::loop = nullptr;
 GstRTSPServer *RTSPManager::server = nullptr;
-std::unordered_map<std::string, bool> RTSPManager::streaming_status; // 播放状态表
-
-// 新增：保存已挂载的 factory，方便卸载时找到并释放
-static std::unordered_map<std::string, GstRTSPMediaFactory *> mounted_factories;
-static std::mutex mounted_factories_mutex;
+std::unordered_map<std::string, bool> RTSPManager::streaming_status;
+std::unordered_map<std::string, GstRTSPMediaFactory *> RTSPManager::mounted_factories;
+std::mutex RTSPManager::mounted_factories_mutex;
 
 void RTSPManager::init()
 {
@@ -48,7 +45,7 @@ void RTSPManager::start(const std::vector<Camera> &cameras)
     LOG_INFO("[RTSP] Server running on rtsp://localhost:8554");
     g_main_loop_run(loop);
 
-    // loop 退出后再释放资源
+    // loop 退出后释放资源
     if (server)
     {
         g_object_unref(server);
@@ -62,104 +59,17 @@ void RTSPManager::start(const std::vector<Camera> &cameras)
     LOG_INFO("[RTSP] Server stopped.");
 }
 
-// --- 在主线程（main loop）中执行的挂载函数 ---
-// data -> pointer to Camera (new'ed when posted). This function will delete it.
-static gboolean mount_camera_in_main(gpointer data)
+void RTSPManager::stop()
 {
-    Camera *cam = static_cast<Camera *>(data);
-    if (!cam)
+    if (loop)
     {
-        return G_SOURCE_REMOVE;
+        // 仅退出 loop，不 unref server
+        g_main_context_invoke(nullptr, [](gpointer data) -> gboolean
+                              {
+            GMainLoop *loop = static_cast<GMainLoop*>(data);
+            g_main_loop_quit(loop);
+            return G_SOURCE_REMOVE; }, loop);
     }
-
-    if (!RTSPManager::server)
-    {
-        LOG_ERROR("[RTSP] mount_camera_in_main: server is null");
-        delete cam;
-        return G_SOURCE_REMOVE;
-    }
-
-    GstRTSPMountPoints *mounts = gst_rtsp_server_get_mount_points(RTSPManager::server);
-    if (!mounts)
-    {
-        LOG_ERROR("[RTSP] mount_camera_in_main: failed to get mounts");
-        delete cam;
-        return G_SOURCE_REMOVE;
-    }
-
-    std::string mount_point = "/" + cam->name;
-    GstRTSPMediaFactory *factory = RTSPManager::create_media_factory(*cam);
-    if (!factory)
-    {
-        LOG_ERROR("[RTSP] mount_camera_in_main: failed to create factory for " + cam->name);
-        g_object_unref(mounts);
-        delete cam;
-        return G_SOURCE_REMOVE;
-    }
-
-    gst_rtsp_mount_points_add_factory(mounts, mount_point.c_str(), factory);
-    g_object_unref(mounts);
-
-    {
-        std::lock_guard<std::mutex> lock(mounted_factories_mutex);
-        // 注意：mount_points 接收 factory 的引用，仍然可以保存指针以便后续移除并 unref
-        mounted_factories[cam->name] = factory;
-        RTSPManager::streaming_status[cam->name] = true;
-    }
-
-    LOG_INFO("[RTSP] Camera '" + cam->name + "' mounted at rtsp://localhost:8554" + mount_point);
-
-    delete cam;
-    return G_SOURCE_REMOVE;
-}
-
-// --- 在主线程（main loop）中执行的卸载函数 ---
-static gboolean unmount_camera_in_main(gpointer data)
-{
-    Camera *cam = static_cast<Camera *>(data);
-    if (!cam)
-    {
-        return G_SOURCE_REMOVE;
-    }
-
-    if (!RTSPManager::server)
-    {
-        LOG_ERROR("[RTSP] unmount_camera_in_main: server is null");
-        delete cam;
-        return G_SOURCE_REMOVE;
-    }
-
-    GstRTSPMountPoints *mounts = gst_rtsp_server_get_mount_points(RTSPManager::server);
-    if (!mounts)
-    {
-        LOG_ERROR("[RTSP] unmount_camera_in_main: failed to get mounts");
-        delete cam;
-        return G_SOURCE_REMOVE;
-    }
-
-    std::string mount_point = "/" + cam->name;
-    gst_rtsp_mount_points_remove_factory(mounts, mount_point.c_str());
-
-    g_object_unref(mounts);
-
-    {
-        std::lock_guard<std::mutex> lock(mounted_factories_mutex);
-        auto it = mounted_factories.find(cam->name);
-        if (it != mounted_factories.end())
-        {
-            // factory 由 mountpoints 拥有引用，移除后我们需要 unref 它
-            GstRTSPMediaFactory *factory = it->second;
-            if (factory)
-                g_object_unref(factory);
-            mounted_factories.erase(it);
-        }
-        RTSPManager::streaming_status[cam->name] = false;
-    }
-
-    LOG_INFO("[RTSP] Camera '" + cam->name + "' unmounted.");
-
-    delete cam;
-    return G_SOURCE_REMOVE;
 }
 
 // 公共接口：挂载摄像头（可以被任意线程调用，立即返回）
@@ -192,15 +102,91 @@ bool RTSPManager::is_streaming(const std::string &cam_name)
     return false;
 }
 
-void RTSPManager::stop()
+// -------------------- private static callbacks --------------------
+
+gboolean RTSPManager::mount_camera_in_main(gpointer data)
 {
-    if (loop)
+    Camera *cam = static_cast<Camera *>(data);
+    if (!cam)
+        return G_SOURCE_REMOVE;
+
+    if (!server)
     {
-        // 仅退出 loop，不 unref server
-        g_main_context_invoke(nullptr, [](gpointer data) -> gboolean
-                              {
-            GMainLoop *loop = static_cast<GMainLoop*>(data);
-            g_main_loop_quit(loop);
-            return G_SOURCE_REMOVE; }, loop);
+        LOG_ERROR("[RTSP] mount_camera_in_main: server is null");
+        delete cam;
+        return G_SOURCE_REMOVE;
     }
+
+    GstRTSPMountPoints *mounts = gst_rtsp_server_get_mount_points(server);
+    if (!mounts)
+    {
+        LOG_ERROR("[RTSP] mount_camera_in_main: failed to get mounts");
+        delete cam;
+        return G_SOURCE_REMOVE;
+    }
+
+    std::string mount_point = "/" + cam->name;
+    GstRTSPMediaFactory *factory = create_media_factory(*cam);
+    if (!factory)
+    {
+        LOG_ERROR("[RTSP] mount_camera_in_main: failed to create factory for " + cam->name);
+        g_object_unref(mounts);
+        delete cam;
+        return G_SOURCE_REMOVE;
+    }
+
+    gst_rtsp_mount_points_add_factory(mounts, mount_point.c_str(), factory);
+    g_object_unref(mounts);
+
+    {
+        std::lock_guard<std::mutex> lock(mounted_factories_mutex);
+        mounted_factories[cam->name] = factory;
+        streaming_status[cam->name] = true;
+    }
+
+    LOG_INFO("[RTSP] Camera '" + cam->name + "' mounted at rtsp://localhost:8554" + mount_point);
+    delete cam;
+    return G_SOURCE_REMOVE;
+}
+
+gboolean RTSPManager::unmount_camera_in_main(gpointer data)
+{
+    Camera *cam = static_cast<Camera *>(data);
+    if (!cam)
+        return G_SOURCE_REMOVE;
+
+    if (!server)
+    {
+        LOG_ERROR("[RTSP] unmount_camera_in_main: server is null");
+        delete cam;
+        return G_SOURCE_REMOVE;
+    }
+
+    GstRTSPMountPoints *mounts = gst_rtsp_server_get_mount_points(server);
+    if (!mounts)
+    {
+        LOG_ERROR("[RTSP] unmount_camera_in_main: failed to get mounts");
+        delete cam;
+        return G_SOURCE_REMOVE;
+    }
+
+    std::string mount_point = "/" + cam->name;
+    gst_rtsp_mount_points_remove_factory(mounts, mount_point.c_str());
+    g_object_unref(mounts);
+
+    {
+        std::lock_guard<std::mutex> lock(mounted_factories_mutex);
+        auto it = mounted_factories.find(cam->name);
+        if (it != mounted_factories.end())
+        {
+            if (it->second)
+                g_object_unref(it->second);
+            mounted_factories.erase(it);
+        }
+        streaming_status[cam->name] = false;
+    }
+
+    LOG_INFO("[RTSP] Camera '" + cam->name + "' unmounted.");
+    delete cam;
+    return G_SOURCE_REMOVE;
 }